Census
2000
Subject
Definitions
Ability to speak
English. For people who speak
a language other than English at home, the
response represents the
person’s own perception of his or her ability to speak English, from
‘‘very
well’’ to ‘‘not at all.’’
Because census questionnaires are usually completed by one household
member,
the responses may
represent the perception of another household member. (For more
information,
see ‘‘Language spoken at
home.’’)
Age. The age
classification is based on the age of the person in complete years as of April
1,
2000. The age of the
person usually was derived from their date of birth information.
Their
reported age was used only
when date of birth information was unavailable.
Ancestry. Ancestry refers to a
person’s ethnic origin or descent, ‘‘roots,’’ heritage, or the
place
of birth of the person
or the person’s parents or ancestors before their arrival in the
The data on ancestry
represent self-classification by people according to the ancestry
group(s)
with which they most
closely identify. The ancestry question allowed respondents to report one
or
more ancestry groups;
however, only the first two responses were coded. The data presented
in
this product refer to the
total number of ancestries reported (up to two) by people living in
the
area.
Armed
Forces. People on active duty
with the United States Army, Air Force, Navy, Marine
Corps, or Coast Guard. It
does not include Armed Forces members stationed abroad in
foreign
countries.
Average family
size. A measure obtained by
dividing the number of people in families by the
total number of families
(or family householders).
Average household
size. A measure obtained by
dividing the number of people in households
by the total number of
households (or householders).
Average household
size of owner-occupied units. A measure obtained by
dividing the
number of people living in
owner-occupied housing units by the total number of
owner-occupied
housing
units.
Average household
size of renter-occupied units. A measure obtained by
dividing the
number of people living in
renter-occupied housing units by the total number of
renter-occupied
housing
units.
Born at
sea. In a small number of
cases, place of birth was reported as ‘‘At sea,’’ which
does
not fit into any
particular world region. Therefore, the foreign-born universe shown in the
‘‘Region
of birth of foreign
born’’ section does not match the universe shown for the ‘‘Nativity and place
of
birth’’ section. (For more
information, see ‘‘Foreign born’’ and ‘‘Native.’’)
Child. A child includes a
son or daughter by birth, a stepchild, or an adopted child of
the
householder, regardless of the
child’s age or marital status.
Class of
worker. The class of worker
refers to the same job as the respondent’s industry and
occupation, categorizing people
according to the type of ownership of the employing
organization.
Class of worker
categories are private wage and salary workers, government workers, selfemployed
in own incorporated
business workers, self-employed in own not incorporated
business
workers, and unpaid family
workers. Private wage and salary workers includes
private-for-profit
and private
not-for-profit employees. Government workers includes local, state, and federal
government
employees. Self-employed in
own incorporated business is included with private wage
and salary workers
because they are paid employees of their own companies; whereas, selfemployed
in own not incorporated
business includes people who work in their own
unincorporated
business, profession, or
trade, or who operated a farm. Unpaid family workers
includes
people who work 15 hours or
more without pay in a business or on a farm operated by a
relative.
Citizenship
status.
through naturalization. All
natives are
as either a
‘‘Naturalized citizen’’ or ‘‘Not a citizen.’’ (For more information, see
‘‘Native’’ and
‘‘Foreign
born.’’)
Commuting to
work. Means of
transportation to work refers to the principal mode of travel
or
type of conveyance that
the worker usually used to get from home to work during the
reference
week. The category ‘‘Car,
truck, or van — drove alone’’ includes people who usually drove alone
to
work, as well as people
who were driven to work by someone who then drove back home or to
a
nonwork destination during
the reference week. The category ‘‘Car, truck, or van —
carpooled’’
includes workers who reported
that two or more people usually rode to work in the vehicle
during
the reference week. The
category ‘‘Public transportation (including taxicab)’’ includes workers
who
usually used a bus or
trolley bus, streetcar or trolley car (publico in
elevated, railroad,
ferryboat, or taxicab during the reference week. The category ‘‘Other means’’
includes workers who used a
mode of travel that is not identified separately.
Disability
status. People 5 years old
and over are considered to have a disability if they have
one or more of the
following: (a) blindness, deafness, or a severe vision or hearing
impairment;
(b) a substantial limitation in the ability to perform basic
physical activities, such as walking,
climbing stairs, reaching,
lifting, or carrying; (c) difficulty learning, remembering, or
concentrating;
or (d) difficulty
dressing, bathing, or getting around inside the home. In addition to the
above
criteria, people 16 years old
and over are considered to have a disability if they have
difficulty
going outside the home
alone to shop or visit a doctor’s office, and people 16-64 years old
are
considered to have a disability
if they have difficulty working at a job or business.
Earnings. Earnings is defined
as the sum of wage and salary income and net income from
selfemployment. Earnings represent the amount of income
received regularly before deductions
for personal income
taxes, social security, bond purchases, union dues, medicare deductions, etc.
Educational
attainment. Educational
attainment is the highest degree or level of school
completed.
The category
‘‘Associate degree’’ includes people whose highest degree is an
associate
degree, which generally
requires two years of college level work and is either in an
occupational
program that prepares them
for a specific occupation, or an academic program primarily in
the
arts and sciences. The
course work may or may not be transferrable to a
bachelor’s degree. Master’s
degrees include the
traditional MA and MS degrees and field-specific degrees, such as
MSW,
MEd,
MBA, MLS, and MEng. Some examples of
professional degrees include medicine, dentistry,
chiropractic, optometry,
osteopathic medicine, pharmacy, podiatry, veterinary medicine, law,
and
theology. Vocational and
technical training, such as that in barber school; business, trade,
technical,
and vocational schools;
or other training for a specific trade are specifically
excluded.
Employed. All civilians 16
years old and over who are either (1) ‘‘at work’’ - those who did
any
work at all during the
reference week as paid employees, worked in their own business or
profession,
worked on their own farm,
or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers on a family
farm
or in a family business
or (2) are ‘‘with a job, but not at work’’ - those who did not work during
the
reference week, but had jobs
or businesses from which they were temporarily absent.
Excluded
from the employed are
people whose only activity consisted of work around their own
house
(painting, repairing, or own home housework) or unpaid
volunteer work for religious, charitable,
and similar
organizations. Also excluded are people on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces.
The
reference week is the full
calendar week preceding the date on which the respondent
completed
the questionnaire or was
interviewed by enumerators. (For more information, see ‘‘Labor
force’’
and
‘‘Unemployed.’’)
Family household
(family). A family includes a
householder and one or more people living in
the same household who
are related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption.
All
people in a household who
are related to the householder are regarded as members of his or
her
family. A family household
may contain people not related to the householder, but those
people
are not included as part
of the householder’s family in census tabulations. Thus, the number
of
family households is equal
to the number of families, but family households may include
more
members than do families. A
household can contain only one family for purposes of census
tabulations.
Not all households
contain families since a household may comprise a group of
unrelated
people or one person living
alone.
Female householder,
no husband present. A female maintaining
a household with no husband
of the householder
present.
Foreign
born. The foreign-born
population includes all people who are not
birth. (For more
information, see ‘‘Native’’ and ‘‘Born at sea.’’)
Full-time, year-round
workers. This category
consists of people 16 years old and over who
usually worked 35 hours or
more per week for 50 to 52 weeks in 1999.
Grandparents as
caregivers. Data were collected
on whether a grandchild lives in the household,
whether the grandparent has
responsibility for the basic needs of the grandchild, and
the
duration of that
responsibility. The data on grandparents as caregivers were derived from
answers
to questions asked of
the population 15 years and over. Because of the very few numbers
of
people under 30 years being
grandparents, data are only shown for people 30 years and
over.
Gross
rent. Gross rent is monthly
contract rent plus the estimated average monthly cost of
utilities and fuels, if these
are paid by the renter. (For more information, see ‘‘Specified renteroccupied
units.’’)
Gross rent as a
percentage of household income in 1999. A computed ratio of
monthly
gross rent to monthly
household income (total household income in 1999 divided by 12).
Units
for which no cash rent
is paid and units occupied by households that reported no income or a
net
loss in 1999 comprise the
category ‘‘Not computed.’’ (For more information, see ‘‘Specified renteroccupied
units.’’)
Group quarters
population. The group quarters
population includes all people not living in
households. Two general
categories of people in group quarters are recognized: (1) the
institutionalized
population, which includes
people under formally authorized, supervised care or custody
in
institutions at the time of
enumeration (such as correctional institutions, nursing homes, and
juvenile
institutions), and (2) the noninstitutionalized population, which includes all people
who live in
group quarters other than
institutions (such as college dormitories, military quarters, and
group
homes).
Hispanic or
Latino. People who identify
with the terms ‘‘Hispanic’’ or ‘‘Latino’’ are those who
classify themselves in one of
the specific Hispanic or Latino categories listed on the
questionnaire—‘‘Mexican,’’
‘‘Puerto Rican,’’ or ‘‘Cuban’’—as well as those who indicate that they
are
‘‘other Spanish,
Hispanic, or Latino.’’ Origin can be viewed
as the heritage, nationality group, lineage,
or country of birth of
the person or the person’s parents or ancestors before their arrival
in
the
race.
Homeowner vacancy
rate. The homeowner vacancy
rate is the proportion of the homeowner
housing inventory that is
vacant for sale. It is computed by dividing the number of vacant
units
for sale only by the sum
of owner-occupied units and vacant units that are for sale only, and
then
multiplying by 100. (For more
information, see ‘‘Vacant housing unit.’’)
House heating
fuel. The type of fuel used
most often to heat the house, apartment, or mobile
home.
Household. A household includes
all of the people who occupy a housing unit. People not
living
in households are
classified as living in group quarters.
Householder. In most cases, the
householder is the person, or one of the people, in whose
name the home is owned,
being bought, or rented and who is listed as Person 1 on the
census
questionnaire. If there is no such
person in the household, any adult household member 15
years
old and over could be
designated as the householder (i.e., Person 1).
Housing
unit. A housing unit may be
a house, an apartment, a mobile home, a group of
rooms, or a single room
that is occupied (or if vacant, is intended for occupancy) as separate
living
quarters. Separate living
quarters are those in which the occupants live separately from
any
other individuals in the
building and which have direct access from outside the building
or
through a common
hall.
Income in
1999. Information on money
income received in calendar year 1999 was requested
from individuals 15 years
and over. ‘‘Total income’’ is the sum of the amounts reported
separately
for wage or salary
income; net self-employment income; interest, dividends, or net rental or
royalty
income; social security or
railroad retirement income; supplemental security income
(SSI);
public assistance or
welfare payments; retirement or disability income; and all other
income.
Receipts from the
following sources are not included as income: money received from the sale
of
property (unless the
recipient was engaged in the business of selling such property); capital
gains;
the value of income ‘‘in
kind’’ from food stamps, public housing subsidies, medical care,
employer
contributions for individuals,
etc.; withdrawal of bank deposits; money borrowed; tax
refunds;
exchange of money between
relatives living in the same household; and gifts and
lump-sum
inheritances, insurance payments,
and other types of lump-sum receipts.
Although the income
statistics cover calendar year 1999, the characteristics of individuals and
the
composition of
households/families refer to the time of enumeration. Thus, the income of
the
household or family does not
include amounts received by individuals who were members of
the
household/family during all or part
of the calendar year 1999 if these individuals no longer
resided with the
household/family at the time of enumeration. Similarly, income amounts
reported
by individuals who did
not reside with the household/family during 1999 but who were
members
of the household/family
at the time of enumeration are included. However, the composition
of
most households/families
was the same during 1999 as at the time of enumeration.
Income of
families. In compiling
statistics on family income, the incomes of all members 15
years old and over in each
family are summed and treated as a single amount.
Income of
households. Includes the income
of the householder and all other individuals
15 years old and over
in the household, whether they are related to the householder or
not.
Because many
households consist of only one person, average household income is usually
less
than average family
income.
Income type in
1999
Wage or salary
income. Wage or salary income
includes total money earnings received for
work performed as an
employee during calendar year 1999. It includes wages, salary,
Armed
Forces pay,
commissions, tips, piece-rate payments, and cash bonuses earned before
deductions
were made for taxes,
bonds, pensions, union dues, etc.
Self-employment
income. Self-employment
income includes both farm and nonfarm selfemployment
income:
Nonfarm
self-employment income. Nonfarm self-employment
includes net money income
(gross receipts minus expenses) from one’s own business,
professional enterprise, or partnership.
Gross receipts
include the value of all goods sold and services rendered.
Expenses
include costs of goods
purchased, rent, heat, light, power, depreciation, charges, wages
and
salaries paid, business taxes
(not personal income taxes), etc.
Farm
self-employment. Farm self-employment
includes net money income (gross receipts
minus operating expenses)
from the operation of a farm by a person on his or her own
account, as an owner,
renter, or sharecropper. Gross receipts include the value of all
products
sold; government farm
programs; money received from the rental of farm equipment to
others;
and incidental receipts
from the sale of wood, sand, gravel, etc. Operating
expenses
include cost of feed,
fertilizer, seed, and other farming supplies; cash wages paid to
farmhands;
depreciation charges; cash rent;
interest on farm mortgages; farm building repairs;
farm taxes (not state and
federal personal income taxes), etc. The value of fuel, food, or
other
farm products used for
family living is not included as part of net income.
Interest, dividends,
or net rental income. Interest, dividends,
or net rental income
includes interests on savings
or bonds, dividends from stockholdings or membership in
associations,
net income from rental
of property to others and receipts from boarders or lodgers,
net
royalties, and periodic
payments from an estate or trust fund.
Social security
income. Social security
income includes social security pensions and survivors
benefits and permanent
disability insurance payments made by the Social Security
Administration
prior to deductions for
medical insurance, and railroad retirement insurance
checks
from the
Supplemental security
income (SSI). Supplemental security
income is a
program administered by the
Social Security Administration that guarantees a minimum
level of income for needy
aged, blind, or disabled individuals. The census questionnaire
for
in
SSI was most likely
interpreted by respondents as other, incidental income.
Public assistance
income. Public assistance
income includes general assistance and temporary
assistance to needy families
(TANF). Separate payments received for hospital or other
medical
care (vendor payments)
are excluded. This does not include supplemental security
income
(SSI).
Retirement or
disability income. Retirement or
disability income includes: (1) retirement
pensions and survivor
benefits from a former employer; labor union; or federal, state, or
local
government; and the
from companies or unions;
federal, state, or local government; and the
receipts from annuities and
insurance; and (4) regular income from IRA and KEOGH plans.
This
does not include social
security income.
All other
income. All other income
includes unemployment compensation, Veterans’
Administration
(VA) payments,
alimony and child support, contributions received periodically
from
people not living in the
household, military family allotments, and other kinds of
periodic
income other than
earnings.
Industry. Information on
industry relates to the kind of business conducted by a
person’s
employing organization. For
employed people, the data refer to the person’s job during the
reference
week. For those who
worked at two or more jobs, the data refer to the job at which the
person
worked the greatest number
of hours. Some examples of industrial groups shown in this
product include agriculture,
forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining; construction;
manufacturing;
wholesale trade; retail trade;
and public administration.
Institutionalized
population. The institutionalized
population includes people under formally
authorized, supervised care or
custody in institutions at the time of enumeration. (For more
information,
see ‘‘Group quarters
population.’’)
Kitchen
facilities. Complete kitchen
facilities include all of the following: a sink with piped
water, a range or cook top
and oven, and a refrigerator. All kitchen facilities must be located in
the
house, apartment, or
mobile home, but they need not be in the same room.
Labor
force. The labor force
includes all people classified in the civilian labor force (that
is,
‘‘employed’’ and
‘‘unemployed’’ people) plus members of the U.S. Armed Forces (people on
active
duty in the U.S. Army,
Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard). (For more information,
see
‘‘Employed’’ and
‘‘Unemployed.’’)
Language spoken at
home. The population who
speaks a language other than English
includes only those who
sometimes or always speak a language other than English at home.
It
does not include those
who speak a language other than English only at school or work, or
those
who were limited to only
a few expressions or slang of the other language. Most people
who
speak another language at
home also speak English. (For more information, see ‘‘Ability to
speak
English.’’)
Marital
status. Each person is asked
whether they are ‘‘now married,’’ ‘‘widowed,’’
‘‘divorced,’’
‘‘separated,’’ or
‘‘never married.’’ Couples who live together (for example, people in
common-law
marriages) were able to report
the marital status they considered the most appropriate.
Married-couple
family. A family in which the
householder and his or her spouse are enumerated
as members of the same
household.
Mean earnings.
See
‘‘Mean Income.’’ For more information, see “Conditional rounding”
under
“Derived
measures.”
Mean income.
Mean
income is the amount obtained by dividing the total income of a
particular
statistical universe by the
number of units in that universe. Thus, mean household income
is
obtained by dividing total
household income by the total number of households. For the
various
types of income, the means
are based on households having those types of income.
Care should be
exercised in using and interpreting mean income values for small subgroups
of
the population. Because
the mean is influenced strongly by extreme values in the distribution, it
is
especially susceptible to the
effects of sampling variability, misreporting, and processing
errors.
The median, which is
not affected by extreme values, is, therefore, a better measure than
the
mean when the population
base is small.
Mean public
assistance income. See ‘‘Mean income.’’
For more information, see “Conditional
Rounding” under
“Derived measures.”
Mean retirement
income. See ‘‘Mean income.’’
For more information, see “Conditional rounding”
under “Derived
measures.”
Mean social security
income. See ‘‘Mean income.’’
For more information, see “Conditional
Rounding” under
“Derived measures.”
Mean supplemental
security income. See ‘‘Mean income.’’
For more information, see “Conditional
rounding” under “Derived
measures.”
Mean travel time to
work (minutes). Mean travel time to
work is the average travel time in
minutes that workers usually
took to get from home to work (one-way) during the reference
week.
This measure is
obtained by dividing the total number of minutes taken to get from home to
work
by the number of
workers 16 years old and over who did not work at home. The travel
time
includes time spent waiting
for public transportation, picking up passengers in carpools, and
time
spent in other activities
related to getting to work. For more information, see “Conditional
rounding”
under “Derived
measures.”
Means of
transportation to work. See ‘‘Commuting to
work.’’
Median
age. The median divides
the age distribution into two equal parts: one-half of the
cases falling below the
median age and one-half above the median.
Median earnings for
full-time, year-round workers. The median divides
the earnings distribution
into two equal parts:
one-half of the cases falling below the median and one-half
above
the median. Median
earnings for full-time, year-round workers is based on individuals 16
years
and over with earnings
who usually worked 35 hours or more per week for 50 to 52 weeks
in
1999. This measure is
rounded to the nearest dollar. (For more information, see
‘‘Earnings.’’)
Median gross
rent. The median divides
the gross rent distribution (rent, plus utilities, if paid
separately from rent) into two
equal parts: one-half of the cases falling below the median
gross
rent and one-half above
the median. This measure is rounded to the nearest whole dollar.
Housing
units that are renter
occupied without payment of cash rent are excluded in the calculation
of
median gross
rent.
Median
income. The median divides
the income distribution into two equal parts: one-half of
the cases falling below
the median income and one-half above the median. For households
and
families, the median income
is based on the distribution of the total number of households
or
families including those with
no income. The median for individuals is based on
individuals
15 years and over
with income. This measure is
rounded to the nearest whole dollar.
Median
rooms. The median divides
the room distribution into two equal parts: one-half of
the
cases falling below the
median number of rooms and one-half above the median. In
computing
median rooms, the whole
number is used as the midpoint of the interval; thus, the
category
‘‘3 rooms’’ is
treated as an interval ranging from 2.5 to 3.5 rooms. This measure is rounded to
the
nearest
tenth.
Median selected
monthly owner costs. The median divides
the selected monthly owner
costs into two equal
parts: one-half of the cases falling below the median selected monthly
owner
costs and one-half above
the median. Medians are shown separately for units ‘‘with a
mortgage’’
and for units ‘‘not
mortgaged.’’ This measure is rounded to the nearest whole
dollar.
Median
value. The median divides
the value distribution into two equal parts: one-half of
the
cases falling below the
median value of the property (house and lot, mobile home and lot, or
condominium
unit) and one-half above
the median. This measure is rounded to the nearest hundred
dollars. (For more
information, see ‘‘Specified owner-occupied units.’’)
Mortgage
status. ‘‘Mortgage’’ refers
to all forms of debt where the property is pledged as
security for repayment of the
debt, including deeds of trust, trust deed, contracts to
purchase,
land contracts, junior
mortgages, and home equity loans.
Native. The native population
includes people born in the
Island
Areas. People who were born
in a foreign country but have at least one American parent
also are included in this
category. (For more information, see ‘‘Born at sea’’ and ‘‘Foreign
born.’’)
No telephone service.
See
‘‘Telephone.’’
Nonfamily
household. A household
consisting of a householder living alone or with nonrelatives
only.
Noninstitutionalized
population. All people who live
in group quarters other than institutions.
Also, included are staff residing at institutional group quarters. (For more
information, see
‘‘Group quarters
population.’’)
Nonrelative. Any household member
who is not related to the householder by birth, marriage,
or adoption, including
foster children.
Occupants per
room. Occupants per room is
obtained by dividing the number of people in
each occupied housing
unit by the number of rooms in the unit. Occupants per room is
rounded
to the nearest
hundredth. Although the Census Bureau has no official definition of crowded
units,
many users consider units
with more than one occupant per room to be crowded.
Occupation. Occupation describes
the kind of work the person does on the job. For employed
people, the data refer to
the person’s job during the reference week. For those who worked at
two
or more jobs, the data
refer to the job at which the person worked the greatest number of
hours
during the reference week.
Some examples of occupational groups shown in this product
include
service, sales, and
farming.
Occupied housing
unit. A housing unit is
classified as occupied if it is the usual place of
residence
of the person or group
of people living in it at the time of enumeration, or if the
occupants
are only temporarily
absent; that is, away on vacation or business.
Other
relative. Any household member
related to the householder by birth, marriage, or
adoption,
but not included
specifically in another relationship category.
Own
child. A never-married child
under 18 years old who is a son or daughter of the
householder
by birth, marriage (a
stepchild), or adoption. For 100-percent tabulations, own
children
consist of all
sons/daughters of householders who are under 18 years of age. For sample
data,
own children consist of
sons/daughters of householders who are under 18 years of age and
who
have never been married;
therefore, numbers of own children of householders may be different
in
these two tabulations
(note: in tabulations of own children by employment status of parents,
the
number of ‘‘own children’’
includes children in families and subfamilies and may therefore
differ
from other 100-percent
and sample tabulations).
Owner-occupied
housing unit. A housing unit is
owner occupied if the owner or co-owner
lives in the unit even if
it is mortgaged or not fully paid for.
Per capita
income. Per capita income is
the mean income computed for every man, woman,
and child in a
particular group. It is derived by dividing the total income of a particular
group by
the total population in
that group. For more information, see “Conditional rounding”
under
“Derived
measures.”
Place of birth.
See
‘‘Born at sea,’’ ‘‘Foreign born,’’ and ‘‘Native.’’
Plumbing
facilities. The data on plumbing
facilities are obtained from both occupied and
vacant housing units.
Complete plumbing facilities include: (1) hot and cold piped water, (2)
a
flush toilet, and (3) a
bathtub or shower. All three facilities must be located in the housing
unit.
Poverty status in
1999. Poverty is measured
by using 48 thresholds that vary by family size
and number of children
within the family and age of the householder. To determine whether a
person
is poor, one compares
the total income of that person’s family with the threshold
appropriate
for that family. If the
total family income is less than the threshold, then the person is
considered
poor, together with every
member of his or her family.
Not every person is
included in the poverty universe: institutionalized people, people in military
group
quarters, people living in
college dormitories, and unrelated individuals under 15 years old are considered
neither as ‘‘poor’’ nor as
‘‘nonpoor,’’ and are excluded from both the numerator
and the denominator when
calculating poverty rates. The
Office of Management and Budget (OMB) mandates that all federal agencies
(including the Census Bureau) use this poverty definition for
statistical purposes (OMB Statistical Policy
Directive 14, May 1978).
Race. The concept of race
as used by the Census Bureau reflects self-identification by
people
according to the race or races
with which they most closely identify. The categories are
sociopolitical
constructs and should not be
interpreted as being scientific or anthropological in
nature.
Furthermore, the race
categories include both racial and national-origin groups.
The racial
classifications used by the Census Bureau adhere to the
Notice
entitled, ‘‘Revisions
to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race
and
Ethnicity’’ issued by
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). These standards govern the
categories
used to collect and
present federal data on race and ethnicity. The OMB requires five
minimum
categories (White, Black or
African American, American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian,
and
Native Hawaiian and
Other Pacific Islander) for race. The race categories
are described below with
a sixth category,
‘‘Some other race,’’ added with OMB approval. In addition to the five race
groups,
the OMB also states that
respondents should be offered the option of selecting one or more
races.
If an individual
could not provide a race response, the race or races of the householder or
other
household members were
assigned by the computer using specific rules of precedence of
household
relationship. For example, if
race was missing for a natural-born child in the household,
then
either the race or races of
the householder, another natural-born child, or the spouse of the
householder
were assigned. If race
was not reported for anyone in the household, the race or races of
a
householder in a previously
processed household were assigned.
White. A person having
origins in any of the original peoples of
German, Italian,
Lebanese, Near Easterner, Arab, or Polish.
Black or African
American. A person having
origins in any of the Black racial groups of
written entries such as
African American, Afro American, Kenyan, Nigerian, or
Haitian.
American Indian and
of North and
community attachment. It
includes people who classify themselves as described
below.
American
Indian. Includes people who
indicate their race as ‘‘American Indian,’’ entered the
name of an Indian tribe,
or report such entries as Canadian Indian, French-American Indian,
or
Spanish-American
Indian.
entries such as Arctic
Slope, Inupiat, Yupik, Alutiiq, Egegik, and Pribilovian. The
are the Alaskan Athabascan, Tlingit, and Haida. The information for Census 2000 is
derived
from the American Indian
Detailed Tribal Classification List for the 1990 census and
was
expanded to list the
individual Alaska Native Villages when provided as a written response
for
race.
Asian. A person having
origins in any of the original peoples of the
or the Indian
subcontinent including, for example,
‘‘Filipino,’’
‘‘Korean,’’ ‘‘Japanese,’’ ‘‘Vietnamese,’’ and ‘‘Other
Asian.’’
Asian
Indian. Includes people who
indicate their race as ‘‘Asian Indian’’ or identify
themselves
as Bengalese, Bharat, Dravidian, East Indian, or Goanese.
Chinese. Includes people who
indicate their race as ‘‘Chinese’’ or who identify themselves
as
Cantonese or Chinese
American. In some census
tabulations, written entries of Taiwanese are
included with Chinese while
in others they are shown separately.
Filipino. Includes people who
indicate their race as ‘‘Filipino’’ or who report entries such
as
Philipino,
Philipine, or Filipino American.
Japanese. Includes people who
indicate their race as ‘‘Japanese’’ or who report entries
such
as Nipponese or
Japanese American.
Korean. Includes people who
indicate their race as ‘‘Korean’’ or who provide a response
of
Korean
American.
Vietnamese. Includes people who
indicate their race as ‘‘Vietnamese’’ or who provide a
response of Vietnamese
American.
Other
Asian. Includes people who
provide a response of Bangladeshi, Burmese, Cambodian,
Hmong,
Indonesian, Laotian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, or
Native Hawaiian and
Other Pacific Islander. A person having
origins in any of the original
peoples of
race as ‘‘Native
Hawaiian,’’ ‘‘Guamanian or Chamorro,’’ ‘‘Samoan,’’ and
‘‘Other Pacific Islander.’’
Native
Hawaiian. Includes people who
indicate their race as ‘‘Native Hawaiian’’ or who identify
themselves as ‘‘Part Hawaiian’’
or ‘‘Hawaiian.’’
Guamanian
or Chamorro. Includes people who
indicate their race as such, including written
entries of Chamorro or
Samoan. Includes people who
indicate their race as ‘‘Samoan’’ or who identified
themselves
as American Samoan or
Western Samoan.
Other Pacific
Islander. Includes people who
provided a write-in response of a Pacific Islander
group such as Tahitian,
Northern Mariana Islander, Palauan, Fijian, or a cultural group, such
as
Melanesian,
Micronesian, or Polynesian.
Some other
race. Includes all other
responses not included in the ‘‘White,’’ ‘‘Black or
African
American,’’
‘‘American Indian and
Pacific Islander’’
race categories described above. Respondents
providing write-in entries such
as multiracial, mixed,
interracial, or a Hispanic/Latino group (for example, Mexican,
Puerto
Rican, or Cuban) in
the ‘‘Some other race’’ category are included in this
category.
Two or more
races. People may have
chosen to provide two or more races either by checking
two or more race
response check boxes, by providing multiple write-in responses, or
by
some combination of check
boxes and write-in responses. The race response categories
shown
on the questionnaire
are collapsed into the five minimum race groups identified by the
OMB,
plus the Census Bureau
‘‘Some other race’’ category. For data product purposes, ‘‘Two or more
races’’ refers to
combinations of two or more of the following race
categories:
-
White
- Black or African
American
- American Indian and
-
Asian
- Native Hawaiian and
Other Pacific Islander
- Some other
race
Coding of write-in
entries. During 100-percent
processing of Census 2000 questionnaires,
written entries were coded
from four response categories on the race item—American Indian
or
Alaska Native, Other
Asian, Other Pacific Islander, and Some other race—for which an area for
a
write-in response was
provided. The Other Asian and Other Pacific Islander response
categories
shared the same write-in
area on the questionnaire.
Reference
week. The data on
employment status and commuting to work are related to a oneweek
time period, known as the
reference week. For each person, this week is the full
calendar
week, Sunday through
Saturday, preceding the date the questionnaire was completed. This
calendar
week is not the same for
all people since the enumeration was not completed in one
week.
Related
children. Related children
include all people under 18 years old related to the
householder,
regardless of their marital
status. Excluded are spouses of householders.
Rental vacancy
rate. The proportion of the
rental inventory that is vacant for rent. It is computed
by dividing the number
of vacant units for rent by the sum of the renter-occupied units
and
the number of vacant
units for rent, and then multiplying by 100.
Renter-occupied
housing unit. All occupied housing
units that are not owner occupied,
whether they are rented for
cash rent or occupied without payment of cash rent, are classified
as
renter occupied. Housing
units in ‘‘continuing care’’ or life care facilities are included in the
‘‘rented
for cash rent’’
category.
Residence in
1995. Residence in 1995
indicates an individual’s area of residence on April 1,
1995.
Resident parents of
own children. Resident parents of
own children are those parents
whose usual residence was
the same as that of their own children.
Rooms. The data on rooms
were obtained from both occupied and vacant housing units.
The
intent of this question is
to count the number of whole rooms used for living
purposes.
For each unit, rooms
include living rooms, dining rooms, kitchens, bedrooms, finished
recreation
rooms, enclosed porches
suitable for year-round use, and lodger’s rooms. Excluded are strip
or
pullman kitchens, bathrooms,
open porches, balconies, halls or foyers, half-rooms, utility
rooms,
unfinished attics or basements,
or other unfinished space used for storage. A partially
divided
room is a separate room
only if there is a partition from floor to ceiling, but not if the
partition
consists solely of shelves or
cabinets.
School
enrollment. People are classified
as enrolled in school if they reported attending a
‘‘regular’’ public or
private school or college at anytime between
enumeration. The question
includes instructions to ‘‘include only nursery school,
kindergarten,
elementary school, and
schooling that would lead to a high school diploma or college degree’’
as
regular school. Tutoring or
correspondence school counts if credit can be obtained in a
‘‘regular
school.’’ Schools supported
and controlled primarily by a local, county, state or federal
government
are defined as public.
Those supported and controlled primarily by religious
organizations
or other private groups
are private.
People who are
enrolled also report the level in which they are enrolled, from nursery school
or
preschool through college
undergraduate years and graduate and professional school.
Vocational,
trade, and business
schools are not included.
Seasonal,
recreational, or occasional use housing unit. Seasonal,
recreational, or occasional
use housing units
include vacant units used or intended for use only in certain seasons,
for
weekends, or other occasional
use throughout the year. Interval ownership units,
sometimes
called shared ownership or
time-sharing condominiums are included in this category. (For
more
information, see ‘‘Vacant
housing unit.’’)
Selected monthly
owner costs. Selected monthly
owner costs are the sum of payments for
mortgages, deeds of trust,
contracts to purchase, or similar debts on the property; real
estate
taxes; fire, hazard, and
flood insurance on the property; utilities; and fuels. It also includes,
where
appropriate, the monthly
condominium fees or mobile home costs.
Selected monthly
owner costs as a percentage of household income in
1999. Selected
monthly owner costs as a
percentage of household income is the computed ratio of
selected
monthly owner costs to
monthly household income in 1999. The ratio was computed
separately
for each unit and
rounded to the nearest whole percentage. Units occupied by households
reporting
no income or a net loss
in 1999 are included in the ‘‘Not computed’’ category.
Sex. The data on sex were
derived from answers to a question that was asked of all
people.
Individuals were
asked to mark either ‘‘male’’ or ‘‘female’’ to indicate their sex. For most
cases in
which sex was not
reported, it was determined by the appropriate entry from the person’s
given
(i.e., first) name
and household relationship. Otherwise, sex was
imputed according to the relationship
to the householder and
the age of the person.
Specified
owner-occupied units. Specified
owner-occupied units are owner-occupied, onefamily,
attached and detached houses
on less than 10 acres without a business or medical office
on the
property.
Specified
renter-occupied units. Specified
renter-occupied units include all renter-occupied
units except 1-unit
attached or detached houses on 10 acres or more.
Spouse. A person who is
married to and living with the householder. This category
includes
people in formal marriages,
as well as people in common-law marriages.
5–18 About the Profile
Telephone. Households with
telephone service have a telephone in working order and are
able
to make and receive
calls.
Tenure. All occupied housing
units are classified as either owner occupied or renter
occupied.
A housing unit is
owner occupied if the owner or co-owner lives in the unit even if it is
mortgaged
or not fully paid for.
All occupied housing units that are not owner occupied, whether they
are
rented for cash rent or
occupied without payment of cash rent, are classified as renter
occupied.
Unemployed. Civilians 16 years
old and over are classified as unemployed if they (1) were
neither
‘‘at work’’ nor
‘‘with a job but not at work’’ during the reference week, (2) were looking
for
work during the last four
weeks, and (3) were available to start a job. Also included as
unemployed
are civilians 16 years
old and over who did not work at all during the reference week,
were
on temporary layoff
from a job, expected to be recalled to work within the next 6 months, or
had
been given a date to
return to work, and were available for work during the reference week.
(For
more information, see
‘‘Employed’’ and ‘‘Labor force.’’)
Units in
structure. The data on units in
structure (also referred to as ‘‘type of structure’’) were
obtained from both occupied
and vacant housing units. A structure is a separate building
that
either has open spaces on
all sides or is separated from other structures by dividing walls
that
extend from ground to roof.
In determining the number of units in a structure, all housing
units,
both occupied and vacant,
are counted. Stores and office space are excluded. The statistics
are
presented for the number of
housing units in structures of specified type and size, not for
the
number of residential
buildings.
Unmarried
partner. An unmarried partner
is a person who is not related to the
householder,
who shares living
quarters with, and who has a close personal relationship with the
householder.
Unrelated
individuals. Unrelated individuals
include: (1) a householder living alone or with
nonrelatives only, (2) a
household member who is not related to the householder, or (3) a
person
living in group quarters
who is not an inmate of an institution.
Vacant housing
unit. A housing unit is
vacant if no one is living in it at the time of
enumeration,
unless its occupants are
only temporarily absent. Units temporarily occupied at the time
of
enumeration entirely by people
who have a usual residence elsewhere are also classified
as
vacant. (For more
information, see ‘‘Housing unit.’’)
Value. Value is the
respondent’s estimate of how much the property (house and lot,
mobile
home and lot, or
condominium unit) would sell for if it were for sale.
Vehicles
available. Vehicles available
are the number of passenger cars, vans, and pick-up or
panel trucks of one-ton
capacity or less kept at home and available for use by household
members.
Veteran
status. A ‘‘civilian
veteran’’ is a person 18 years old or over who, at the time of
enumeration,
had served on active
duty in the U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or the
Coast
Guard in the past
(even for a short time), but was not then on active duty, or who had served
in
the Merchant Marine
during World War II. People who had served in the National Guard or
military
Reserves are
classified as veterans only if they had ever been called or ordered to active
duty, not
counting the four to six
months for initial training or yearly summer camps.
Workers. Workers 16 years and
over are members of the Armed Forces and civilians who
were
at work during the
reference week. (For more information, see ‘‘Reference
week.’’)
Year householder
moved into unit. Year householder
moved into unit is the year of the latest
move by the householder.
If the householder moved back into a housing unit he or she
previously
occupied, the year of the
latest move was reported. The intent is to establish the year
the
present occupancy
began.
Year of
entry. The year in which a
person born outside the
Year structure built.
The
data on year structure built are obtained from both occupied
and
vacant housing units. Year
structure built refers to when the building was first constructed,
not
when it was remodeled,
added to, or converted. The data relate to the number of units built
during
the specified periods
that were still in existence at the time of enumeration.
DERIVED
MEASURES
Average. See
‘‘Mean.’’
Interpolation. Interpolation
frequently is used in calculating medians or quartiles based
on
interval data and in
approximating standard errors from tables. Linear interpolation is used
to
estimate values of a function
between two known values. ‘‘Pareto interpolation’’ is an
alternative
to linear
interpolation. In Pareto interpolation, the median is derived by interpolating
between the
logarithms of the upper and
lower income limits of the median category. It is used by the
Census
Bureau in calculating
median income within intervals wider than $2,500.
Mean.
This
measure represents an arithmetic average of a set of values. It is derived by
dividing
the sum (or aggregate)
of a group of numerical items by the total number of items in
that
group. For example, mean
household earnings is obtained by dividing the aggregate of all
earnings
reported by individuals with
earnings in households by the total number of households
with
earnings. (Additional
information on means is included in the separate explanations of
many
population and housing
subjects.)
Conditional
rounding. When a mean is based
on a population of less than 30, the mean
shown in the sample tables
of the Demographic Profile may differ slightly from a mean
appearing in or calculated
from data in Summary File 3. This is because conditional
rounding
is used when there is a
weighted estimate of less than 30 in the sample tables of the
Demographic
Profile. In Summary File 3,
conditional rounding is used for aggregates (numerators
for calculating means)
when there are one or two unweighted
cases.
Median. This measure
represents the middle value (if n is odd) or the average of the
two
middle values (if n is
even) in an ordered list of n data values. The median divides the total
frequency
distribution into two equal
parts: one-half of the cases falling below the median and onehalf
above the median. The
median is computed on the basis of the distribution as
tabulated,
which is sometimes more
detailed than the distribution shown in specific census publications
and
other data products. (See
also ‘‘Interpolation.’’)
Percentage. This measure is
calculated by taking the number of items in a group possessing
a
characteristic of interest and
dividing by the total number of items in that group and then
multiplying
by
100.
Rate. This is a measure of
occurrences in a given period of time divided by the possible
number
of occurrences during
that period. Rates are sometimes presented as percentages.
GEOGRAPHIC
ACRONYMS
ANVSA Alaska Native
village statistical area
CDP Census designated
place
CMSA Consolidated
metropolitan statistical area
MSA Metropolitan
statistical area
OTSA Oklahoma tribal
statistical area
PMSA Primary
metropolitan statistical area
TDSA Tribal
designated statistical area