Indiana

Became the 19th state in 1816

State Capital: Indianapolis

Largest City: Indianapolis Consolidated (2024 population: 900,896)

Population per Square Mile: 193.3

Square Miles: 35,826.1

Go to official state website

Population over Time	Number
Yesterday (2020)	6,785,528
Today (2024)	6,924,275
Tomorrow (2030 projection)*	7,013,509
Percent Change 2020 to Today	2.0%

*Projection based on 2020 Census population estimates.
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Business Research Center

Components of Population Change, 2023-2024	Number
Net Domestic Migration	4,268
Net International Migration	30,852
Natural Increase (births minus deaths)	9,159

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Population Estimates by Age, 2023	Number	Indiana Pct. Distribution
Preschool (0 to 4)	405,723	5.9%
School Age (5 to 17)	1,181,531	17.2%
College Age (18 to 24)	661,123	9.6%
Young Adult (25 to 44)	1,771,624	25.8%
Older Adult (45 to 64)	1,663,050	24.2%
Seniors (65 and older)	1,179,148	17.2%
Median Age	38.2

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Business Research Center

Population Estimates by Race or Hispanic Origin, 2023	Number	Indiana Pct. Distribution
American Ind. or Alaskan Native Alone	32,050	0.5%
Asian Alone	197,232	2.9%
Black Alone	715,156	10.4%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pac. Isl. Alone	5,681	0.1%
White Alone	5,743,468	83.7%
Two or More Race Groups	168,612	2.5%
Hispanic or Latino Origin (can be of any race)
Non-Hispanic	6,260,111	91.2%
Hispanic	602,088	8.8%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Household Types	Number	Indiana Pct. Distribution
Households in 2023 (Includes detail not shown below)	2,681,537	100%
Married With Children	485,670	18.1%
Married Without Children	786,090	29.3%
Single Parents	238,260	8.9%
Living Alone	794,120	29.6%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.

Housing	Number	Indiana Pct. Distribution
Total Housing Units in 2024 (estimate)	3,026,199	100%
Total Housing Units in 2023 (includes detail not shown below)	2,953,344	100%
Owner Occupied (Pct. distribution based on all housing units)	1,886,485	63.9%
Median Value (2023)	$201,600
Renter Occupied (Pct. distribution based on all housing units)	795,052	26.9%
Median Rent (2023)	$811

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.

Education	Number	Indiana Pct. Distribution
School Enrollment (2024/2025 Total Reported)	1,132,621	100%
Public	1,033,552	91.3%
Adults (25+ in 2023 ACS)	4,559,304
with High School diploma or higher	90.2%
with B.A. or higher degree	28.8%

Sources: Indiana Department of Education; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.

Income and Poverty	Number
Per Capita Personal Income (annual) in 2023	$61,243
Median Household Income in 2023	$69,458
Poverty Rate in 2023	12.2%
Poverty Rate among Children under 18	15.1%
Welfare (TANF) Monthly Average Families in 2024	4,813
Food Stamp Recipients in 2024	608,295
Free and Reduced Fee Lunch Recipients in 2024/2025	488,145

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis; U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Family Social Services Administration; Indiana Department of Education

Health and Vital Statistics	Number
Births, 2021	79,946
Births to Teens, 2021	3,845
Deaths, 2019	66,005

Source: Indiana State Department of Health

Labor Force, 2024	Number
Total Resident Labor Force	3,455,992
Employed	3,310,992
Unemployed	145,000
Annual Unemployment Rate	4.2
April 2025 Unemployment Rate	3.0

Source: STATS Indiana, using data from the Indiana Department of Workforce Development

Employment and Earnings by Industry, 2023	Employment	Indiana Pct. Distribution	Earnings ($000)	Indiana Pct. Distribution	Avg. Earnings Per Job
Total by place of work	4,140,665	100.0%	$290,174,869	100.0%	$70,079
Wage and Salary	3,281,893	79.3%	$201,840,679	69.6%	$61,501
Farm Proprietors	47,575	1.1%	$3,171,923	1.1%	$66,672
Nonfarm Proprietors	811,197	19.6%	$41,678,522	14.4%	$51,379
Farm	57,327	1.4%	$3,814,509	1.3%	$66,539
Nonfarm	4,083,338	98.6%	$286,360,360	98.7%	$70,129
Private	3,652,621	88.2%	$254,823,363	87.8%	$69,765
Accommodation, Food Serv.	285,029	6.9%	$8,802,841	3.0%	$30,884
Arts, Ent., Recreation	70,508	1.7%	$2,409,056	0.8%	$34,167
Construction	230,173	5.6%	$19,019,140	6.6%	$82,630
Health Care, Social Serv.	459,819	11.1%	$36,323,442	12.5%	$78,995
Information	39,871	1.0%	$3,104,206	1.1%	$77,856
Manufacturing	557,860	13.5%	$52,995,768	18.3%	$94,998
Professional, Tech. Serv.	213,438	5.2%	$19,559,944	6.7%	$91,642
Retail Trade	393,058	9.5%	$15,806,952	5.4%	$40,215
Trans., Warehousing	254,558	6.1%	$14,234,692	4.9%	$55,919
Wholesale Trade	141,404	3.4%	$15,346,930	5.3%	$108,533
Other Private (not above)	986,543*	23.8%*	$67,220,392*	23.2%*	$68,137*
Government	430,717	10.4%	$31,536,997	10.9%	$73,220

Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
* These totals do not include county data that are not available due to BEA non-disclosure requirements.

Residential Building Permits, 2024	Units	Indiana Pct. Distribution	Cost($000)
Total Permits Filed	26,633	100.0%	$8,133,071
Single-Family	20,082	75.4%	$6,951,719
2-Family	516	1.9%	$100,498
3- and 4-Family	210	0.8%	$45,624
5+ Family	5,825	21.9%	1,035,231

Notes: Detail cost may not sum to total due to rounding. Greene County does not currently issue building permits, so it is excluded.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Largest Cities and Towns in Indiana (35,000+):

Name	Population in 2024	Percent of State
Anderson	55,851	0.8%
Bloomington	79,986	1.2%
Carmel	103,606	1.5%
Columbus	51,970	0.8%
Crown Point	35,097	0.5%
Elkhart	53,690	0.8%
Evansville	115,395	1.7%
Fishers	103,986	1.5%
Fort Wayne	273,203	3.9%
Gary	67,555	1.0%
Greenwood	68,175	1.0%
Hammond	76,030	1.1%
Indianapolis	891,484	12.9%
Jeffersonville	52,912	0.8%
Kokomo	60,093	0.9%
Lafayette	71,757	1.0%
Lawrence	49,817	0.7%
Merrillville	36,989	0.5%
Mishawaka	51,020	0.7%
Muncie	65,320	0.9%
New Albany	37,652	0.5%
Noblesville	75,239	1.1%
Plainfield	37,796	0.5%
Portage	38,576	0.6%
Richmond	35,561	0.5%
South Bend	103,713	1.5%
Terre Haute	58,531	0.8%
Valparaiso	35,065	0.5%
West Lafayette	46,338	0.7%
Westfield	62,994	0.9%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau annual population estimates