Indiana

Became the 19th state in 1816

State Capital: Indianapolis

Largest City: Indianapolis Consolidated (2025 population: 910,638)

Population per Square Mile: 194.6

Square Miles: 35,826.1

Go to official state website

Population over Time	Number
Yesterday (2020)	6,785,528
Today (2025)	6,973,333
Tomorrow (2030 projection)*	7,013,509
Percent Change 2020 to Today	2.8%

*Projection based on 2020 Census population estimates.
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Business Research Center

Components of Population Change, 2024-2025	Number
Net Domestic Migration	12,197
Net International Migration	17,852
Natural Increase (births minus deaths)	8,561

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Population Estimates by Age, 2024	Number	Indiana Pct. Distribution
Preschool (0 to 4)	405,896	5.9%
School Age (5 to 17)	1,180,190	17.0%
College Age (18 to 24)	672,597	9.7%
Young Adult (25 to 44)	1,795,399	25.9%
Older Adult (45 to 64)	1,656,283	23.9%
Seniors (65 and older)	1,213,910	17.5%
Median Age	38.3

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Business Research Center

Population Estimates by Race or Hispanic Origin, 2024	Number	Indiana Pct. Distribution
American Ind. or Alaskan Native Alone	34,219	0.5%
Asian Alone	214,430	3.1%
Black Alone	735,661	10.6%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pac. Isl. Alone	6,026	0.1%
White Alone	5,759,679	83.2%
Two or More Race Groups	174,260	2.5%
Hispanic or Latino Origin (can be of any race)
Non-Hispanic	6,293,261	90.9%
Hispanic	631,014	9.1%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Household Types	Number	Indiana Pct. Distribution
Households in 2024 (Includes detail not shown below)	2,716,009	100%
Married With Children	487,327	17.9%
Married Without Children	796,892	29.3%
Single Parents	239,962	8.8%
Living Alone	803,751	29.6%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.

Housing	Number	Indiana Pct. Distribution
Total Housing Units in 2025 (estimate)	3,052,602	100%
Total Housing Units in 2024 (includes detail not shown below)	2,976,568	100%
Owner Occupied (Pct. distribution based on all housing units)	1,916,243	64.4%
Median Value (2024)	$218,200
Renter Occupied (Pct. distribution based on all housing units)	799,766	26.9%
Median Rent (2024)	$853

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.

Education	Number	Indiana Pct. Distribution
School Enrollment (2024/2025 Total Reported)	1,132,621	100%
Public	1,033,552	91.3%
Adults (25+ in 2024 ACS)	4,596,004
with High School diploma or higher	90.4%
with B.A. or higher degree	29.5%

Sources: Indiana Department of Education; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.

Income and Poverty	Number
Per Capita Personal Income (annual) in 2023	$61,243
Median Household Income in 2024	$71,958
Poverty Rate in 2024	12.1%
Poverty Rate among Children under 18	15.8%
Welfare (TANF) Monthly Average Families in 2025	4,863
Food Stamp Recipients in 2025	578,293
Free and Reduced Fee Lunch Recipients in 2024/2025	488,145

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis; U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Family Social Services Administration; Indiana Department of Education

Health and Vital Statistics	Number
Births, 2021	79,946
Births to Teens, 2021	3,845
Deaths, 2019	66,005

Source: Indiana State Department of Health

Labor Force, 2024	Number
Total Resident Labor Force	3,472,118
Employed	3,332,175
Unemployed	139,943
Annual Unemployment Rate	4.0
March 2026 Unemployment Rate	3.6

Source: STATS Indiana, using data from the Indiana Department of Workforce Development

Employment and Earnings by Industry, 2023	Employment	Indiana Pct. Distribution	Earnings ($000)	Indiana Pct. Distribution	Avg. Earnings Per Job
Total by place of work	4,140,665	100.0%	$290,174,869	100.0%	$70,079
Wage and Salary	3,281,893	79.3%	$201,840,679	69.6%	$61,501
Farm Proprietors	47,575	1.1%	$3,171,923	1.1%	$66,672
Nonfarm Proprietors	811,197	19.6%	$41,678,522	14.4%	$51,379
Farm	57,327	1.4%	$3,814,509	1.3%	$66,539
Nonfarm	4,083,338	98.6%	$286,360,360	98.7%	$70,129
Private	3,652,621	88.2%	$254,823,363	87.8%	$69,765
Accommodation, Food Serv.	285,029	6.9%	$8,802,841	3.0%	$30,884
Arts, Ent., Recreation	70,508	1.7%	$2,409,056	0.8%	$34,167
Construction	230,173	5.6%	$19,019,140	6.6%	$82,630
Health Care, Social Serv.	459,819	11.1%	$36,323,442	12.5%	$78,995
Information	39,871	1.0%	$3,104,206	1.1%	$77,856
Manufacturing	557,860	13.5%	$52,995,768	18.3%	$94,998
Professional, Tech. Serv.	213,438	5.2%	$19,559,944	6.7%	$91,642
Retail Trade	393,058	9.5%	$15,806,952	5.4%	$40,215
Trans., Warehousing	254,558	6.1%	$14,234,692	4.9%	$55,919
Wholesale Trade	141,404	3.4%	$15,346,930	5.3%	$108,533
Other Private (not above)	986,543*	23.8%*	$67,220,392*	23.2%*	$68,137*
Government	430,717	10.4%	$31,536,997	10.9%	$73,220

Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
* These totals do not include county data that are not available due to BEA non-disclosure requirements.

Residential Building Permits, 2024	Units	Indiana Pct. Distribution	Cost($000)
Total Permits Filed	26,633	100.0%	$8,133,071
Single-Family	20,082	75.4%	$6,951,719
2-Family	516	1.9%	$100,498
3- and 4-Family	210	0.8%	$45,624
5+ Family	5,825	21.9%	1,035,231

Notes: Detail cost may not sum to total due to rounding. Greene County does not currently issue building permits, so it is excluded.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Largest Cities and Towns in Indiana (35,000+):

Name	Population in 2025	Percent of State
Anderson	56,153	0.8%
Bloomington	83,307	1.2%
Carmel	105,634	1.5%
Columbus	52,655	0.8%
Crown Point	35,616	0.5%
Elkhart	54,092	0.8%
Evansville	116,176	1.7%
Fishers	104,812	1.5%
Fort Wayne	275,203	3.9%
Gary	67,289	1.0%
Greenwood	69,349	1.0%
Hammond	75,712	1.1%
Indianapolis	901,116	12.9%
Jeffersonville	54,134	0.8%
Kokomo	59,999	0.9%
Lafayette	71,238	1.0%
Lawrence	50,420	0.7%
Merrillville	37,407	0.5%
Mishawaka	51,226	0.7%
Muncie	65,466	0.9%
New Albany	37,463	0.5%
Noblesville	76,111	1.1%
Plainfield	38,574	0.6%
Portage	38,634	0.6%
Richmond	35,376	0.5%
South Bend	103,201	1.5%
Terre Haute	58,764	0.8%
Valparaiso	35,177	0.5%
West Lafayette	45,747	0.7%
Westfield	66,258	1.0%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau annual population estimates