Orange County, Indiana
Named in 1816 for a county in North Carolina
County Seat: Paoli
Largest City: Paoli (2024 population: 3,617)
Population per Square Mile: 49.78
Square Miles: 398.40
Go to county's in.gov site
| Population over Time | Number | Rank in State | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| Yesterday (2020) | 19,867 | 73 | 0.3% | 6,484,050 |
| Today (2025) | 19,834 | 74 | 0.3% | 6,973,333 |
| Tomorrow (2030 projection)* | 19,241 | 73 | 0.3% | 7,013,509 |
| Percent Change 2020 to Today | -0.2% | 53 | | 2.8% |
*Projection based on 2020 Census population estimates.
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Business Research Center
| Components of Population Change, 2024-2025 | Number | Rank in State | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| Net Domestic Migration | 101 | 39 | | 12,197 |
| Net International Migration | -1 | 80 | | 17,852 |
| Natural Increase (births minus deaths) | -65 | 62 | -0.8% | 8,561 |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
| Population Estimates by Age, 2024 | Number | Rank in State | Pct Dist.
in County | Pct Dist.
in State |
|---|
| Preschool (0 to 4) | 1,149 | 69 | 5.8% | 5.9% |
| School Age (5 to 17) | 3,358 | 70 | 16.9% | 17.0% |
| College Age (18 to 24) | 1,504 | 72 | 7.6% | 9.7% |
| Young Adult (25 to 44) | 4,435 | 75 | 22.4% | 25.9% |
| Older Adult (45 to 64) | 5,013 | 73 | 25.3% | 23.9% |
| Seniors (65 and older) | 4,365 | 72 | 22.0% | 17.5% |
| Median Age | 42.7 | | | Median Age = 38.3 |
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Business Research Center
| Population Estimates by Race and Hispanic Origin, 2024 | Number | Rank of | Pct Dist.
in County | Pct Dist.
in State |
|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native Alone | 95 | 67 | 0.5% | 0.5% |
| Asian Alone | 86 | 76 | 0.4% | 3.1% |
| Black Alone | 335 | 55 | 1.7% | 10.6% |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pac. Isl. Alone | 4 | 83 | 0.0% | 0.1% |
| White | 18,998 | 74 | 95.8% | 83.2% |
| Two or More Race Groups | 306 | 71 | 1.5% | 2.5% |
| Non-Hispanic | 19,421 | 71 | 98.0% | 90.9% |
| Hispanic | 403 | 76 | 2.0% | 9.1% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
| Household Types | Number | Rank in State | Pct Dist.
in County | Pct Dist.
in State |
|---|
| Households in 2024 (Includes detail not shown below) | 7,970 | 72 | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| Married With Children | 1,396 | 72 | 17.5% | 17.9% |
| Married Without Children | 2,432 | 74 | 30.5% | 29.3% |
| Single Parents | 903 | 52 | 11.3% | 8.8% |
| Living Alone | 2,292 | 72 | 28.8% | 29.6% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.
| Housing | Number | Rank in State | Pct Dist.
in County | Pct Dist.
in State |
|---|
| Total Housing Units in 2024 (estimate) | 9,183 | 71 | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| Total Housing Units in 2024 (includes vacant units) | 9,101 | 71 | 100.0% | 100.0% |
Owner Occupied
(Pct. distribution based on all housing units) | 6,272 | 72 | 68.9% | 64.4% |
| Median Value (2024) | $158,700 | 66 | | |
Renter Occupied
(Pct. distribution based on all housing units) | 1,698 | 70 | 18.7% | 26.9% |
| Median Rent (2024) | $596 | 67 | | |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.
| Education | Number | Rank in State | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| School Enrollment (2024/2025 Total Reported) | 2,999 | 70 | 0.3% | 1,132,621 |
| Public | 2,999 | 70 | 0.3% | 1,033,552 |
| Adults (25+ in 2024 ACS) | 13,761 | 74 | 0.3% | 4,596,004 |
| with High School diploma or higher | 85.8% | 82 | | 90.4% |
| with B.A. or higher degree | 16.1% | 72 | | 29.5% |
Sources: Indiana Department of Education; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.
| Income and Poverty | Number | Rank in State | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| Per Capita Personal Income (annual) in 2023 | $47,330 | 83 | 77.3% | 61,243 |
| Median Household Income in 2024 | 59,152 | 87 | 82.2% | $71,958 |
| Poverty Rate in 2024 | 13.4% | 26 | 110.7% | 12.1% |
| Poverty Rate among Children under 18 | 18.1% | 21 | 114.6% | 15.8% |
| Welfare (TANF) Monthly Average Families in 2025 | 16 | 46 | 0.3% | 4,863 |
| Food Stamp Recipients in 2025 | 1,750 | 62 | 0.3% | 578,293 |
| Free and Reduced Fee Lunch Recipients in 2024/2025 | 1,502 | 68 | 0.3% | 488,145 |
Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis; U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Family Social Services Administration; Indiana Department of Education
| Health and Vital Statistics | Number | Rank of | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| Births, 2021 | 225 | 69 | 0.3% | 79,946 |
| Births to Teens, 2021 | 10 | 71 | 0.3% | 3,845 |
| Deaths, 2019 | 249 | 69 | 0.4% | 66,005 |
Source: Indiana State Department of Health
| Labor Force, 2024 | Number | Rank in State | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| Total Resident Labor Force | 9,415 | 72 | 0.3% | 3,472,118 |
| Employed | 9,030 | 72 | 0.3% | 3,332,175 |
| Unemployed | 385 | 73 | 0.3% | 139,943 |
| Annual Unemployment Rate | 4.1 | 38 | 102.5% | 4.0 |
| January 2026 Unemployment Rate | 3.1 | 47 | 93.9% | 3.3 |
Source: STATS Indiana, using data from the Indiana Department of Workforce Development
| Employment and Earnings by Industry, 2023 | Employment | Pct Dist.
in County | Earnings ($000) | Pct Dist.
In County | Avg. Earnings Per Job |
|---|
| Total by place of work | 10,165 | 100.0% | $503,618 | 100.0% | $49,544 |
| Wage and Salary | 7,672 | 75.5% | $358,516 | 71.2% | $46,730 |
| Farm Proprietors | 403 | 4.0% | $24,602 | 4.9% | $61,047 |
| Nonfarm Proprietors | 2,090 | 20.6% | $45,458 | 9.0% | $21,750 |
| Farm | 472 | 4.6% | $29,430 | 5.8% | $62,352 |
| Nonfarm | 9,693 | 95.4% | $474,188 | 94.2% | $48,921 |
| Private | 8,794 | 86.5% | $424,100 | 84.2% | $48,226 |
| Accommodation, Food Serv. | 2,136 | 21.0% | $99,335 | 19.7% | $46,505 |
| Arts, Ent., Recreation | 175 | 1.7% | $5,145 | 1.0% | $29,400 |
| Construction | 1,238 | 12.2% | $76,640 | 15.2% | $61,906 |
| Health Care, Social Serv. | Data not available due to BEA non-disclosure requirements. |
| Information | 58 | 0.6% | $2,293 | 0.5% | $39,534 |
| Manufacturing | 1,112 | 10.9% | $61,442 | 12.2% | $55,254 |
| Professional, Tech. Serv. | 225 | 2.2% | $9,250 | 1.8% | $41,111 |
| Retail Trade | 868 | 8.5% | $24,467 | 4.9% | $28,188 |
| Trans., Warehousing | Data not available due to BEA non-disclosure requirements. |
| Wholesale Trade | 174 | 1.7% | $12,700 | 2.5% | $72,989 |
| Other Private (not above) | 1,202* | 11.8%* | $37,249* | 7.4%* | $30,989* |
| Government | 899 | 8.8% | $50,088 | 9.9% | $55,715 |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
* These totals do not include county data that are not available due to BEA non-disclosure requirements.
| Residential Building Permits, 2024 | Units | Pct Dist.
in County | Pct Dist.
in State | Cost ($000) | State Cost ($000) |
|---|
| Total Permits Filed | 58 | 100.0% | 100.0% | $10,293 | $8,133,071 |
| Single-Family | 12 | 20.7% | 75.4% | $2,032 | $6,951,719 |
| 2-Family | 6 | 10.3% | 1.9% | 988 | $100,498 |
| 3- and 4-Family | 0 | 0.0% | 0.8% | $0 | $45,624 |
| 5+ Family | 40 | 69.0% | 21.9% | $7,273 | $1,035,231 |
Notes: Detail cost may not sum to total due to rounding. Greene County does not currently issue building permits, so it is excluded.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Largest Cities and Towns in Orange County
| Name | Population
in 2024 | Percent of County |
|---|
| French Lick | 1,753 | 8.8% |
| Orleans | 2,077 | 10.5% |
| Paoli | 3,617 | 18.2% |
| West Baden Springs | 646 | 3.3% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau annual population estimates
