Orange County, Indiana
Named in 1816 for a county in North Carolina
County Seat: Paoli
Largest City: Paoli (2025 population: 3,596)
Population per Square Mile: 49.78
Square Miles: 398.40
Go to county's in.gov site
| Population over Time | Number | Rank in State | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| Yesterday (2020) | 19,867 | 73 | 0.3% | 6,484,050 |
| Today (2025) | 19,834 | 74 | 0.3% | 6,973,333 |
| Tomorrow (2030 projection)* | 19,241 | 73 | 0.3% | 7,013,509 |
| Percent Change 2020 to Today | -0.2% | 53 | | 2.8% |
*Projection based on 2020 Census population estimates.
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Business Research Center
| Components of Population Change, 2024-2025 | Number | Rank in State | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| Net Domestic Migration | 101 | 39 | | 12,197 |
| Net International Migration | -1 | 80 | | 17,852 |
| Natural Increase (births minus deaths) | -65 | 62 | -0.8% | 8,561 |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
| Population Estimates by Age, 2025 | Number | Rank in State | Pct Dist.
in County | Pct Dist.
in State |
|---|
| Preschool (0 to 4) | 1,119 | 69 | 5.6% | 5.8% |
| School Age (5 to 17) | 3,405 | 70 | 17.2% | 16.8% |
| College Age (18 to 24) | 1,553 | 71 | 7.8% | 9.8% |
| Young Adult (25 to 44) | 4,328 | 75 | 21.8% | 25.6% |
| Older Adult (45 to 64) | 4,894 | 73 | 24.7% | 23.5% |
| Seniors (65 and older) | 4,535 | 73 | 22.9% | 18.4% |
| Median Age | 42.8 | | | Median Age = 38.6 |
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Business Research Center
| Population Estimates by Race and Hispanic Origin, 2025 | Number | Rank of | Pct Dist.
in County | Pct Dist.
in State |
|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native Alone | 74 | 78 | 0.4% | 0.8% |
| Asian Alone | 61 | 82 | 0.3% | 3.2% |
| Black Alone | 266 | 58 | 1.3% | 10.6% |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pac. Isl. Alone | 11 | 64 | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| White | 18,801 | 74 | 94.8% | 81.2% |
| Two or More Race Groups | 621 | 67 | 3.1% | 4.2% |
| Non-Hispanic | 19,411 | 71 | 97.9% | 90.4% |
| Hispanic | 423 | 77 | 2.1% | 9.6% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
| Household Types | Number | Rank in State | Pct Dist.
in County | Pct Dist.
in State |
|---|
| Households in 2024 (Includes detail not shown below) | 7,970 | 72 | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| Married With Children | 1,396 | 72 | 17.5% | 17.9% |
| Married Without Children | 2,432 | 74 | 30.5% | 29.3% |
| Single Parents | 903 | 52 | 11.3% | 8.8% |
| Living Alone | 2,292 | 72 | 28.8% | 29.6% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.
| Housing | Number | Rank in State | Pct Dist.
in County | Pct Dist.
in State |
|---|
| Total Housing Units in 2025 (estimate) | 9,257 | 71 | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| Total Housing Units in 2024 (includes vacant units) | 9,101 | 71 | 100.0% | 100.0% |
Owner Occupied
(Pct. distribution based on all housing units) | 6,272 | 72 | 68.9% | 64.4% |
| Median Value (2024) | $158,700 | 66 | | |
Renter Occupied
(Pct. distribution based on all housing units) | 1,698 | 70 | 18.7% | 26.9% |
| Median Rent (2024) | $596 | 67 | | |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.
| Education | Number | Rank in State | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| School Enrollment (2025/2026 Total Reported) | 2,960 | 70 | 0.3% | 1,112,710 |
| Public | 2,960 | 70 | 0.3% | 1,010,042 |
| Adults (25+ in 2024 ACS) | 13,761 | 74 | 0.3% | 4,596,004 |
| with High School diploma or higher | 85.8% | 82 | | 90.4% |
| with B.A. or higher degree | 16.1% | 72 | | 29.5% |
Sources: Indiana Department of Education; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.
| Income and Poverty | Number | Rank in State | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| Per Capita Personal Income (annual) in 2024 | $50,046 | 81 | 78.1% | 64,077 |
| Median Household Income in 2024 | 59,152 | 87 | 82.2% | $71,958 |
| Poverty Rate in 2024 | 13.4% | 26 | 110.7% | 12.1% |
| Poverty Rate among Children under 18 | 18.1% | 21 | 114.6% | 15.8% |
| Welfare (TANF) Monthly Average Families in 2025 | 16 | 46 | 0.3% | 4,863 |
| Food Stamp Recipients in 2025 | 1,750 | 62 | 0.3% | 578,293 |
| Free and Reduced Fee Lunch Recipients in 2025/2026 | 1,508 | 67 | 0.3% | 476,608 |
Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis; U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Family Social Services Administration; Indiana Department of Education
| Health and Vital Statistics | Number | Rank of | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| Births, 2021 | 225 | 69 | 0.3% | 79,946 |
| Births to Teens, 2021 | 10 | 71 | 0.3% | 3,845 |
| Deaths, 2019 | 249 | 69 | 0.4% | 66,005 |
Source: Indiana State Department of Health
| Labor Force, 2025 | Number | Rank in State | Percent of State | Indiana |
|---|
| Total Resident Labor Force | 9,531 | 72 | 0.3% | 3,506,284 |
| Employed | 9,177 | 71 | 0.3% | 3,377,760 |
| Unemployed | 354 | 71 | 0.3% | 128,524 |
| Annual Unemployment Rate | 3.7 | 26 | 100.0% | 3.7 |
| May 2026 Unemployment Rate | 3.1 | 1 | 86.1% | 3.6 |
Source: STATS Indiana, using data from the Indiana Department of Workforce Development
| Employment and Earnings by Industry, 2024 | Employment | Pct Dist.
in County | Earnings ($000) | Pct Dist.
In County | Avg. Earnings Per Job |
|---|
| Total by place of work | 10,165 | 100.0% | $537,252 | 100.0% | $52,853 |
| Wage and Salary | 7,672 | 75.5% | $375,934 | 70.0% | $49,001 |
| Farm Proprietors | 403 | 4.0% | $31,809 | 5.9% | $78,931 |
| Nonfarm Proprietors | 2,090 | 20.6% | $48,348 | 9.0% | $23,133 |
| Farm | 472 | 4.6% | $37,221 | 6.9% | $78,858 |
| Nonfarm | 9,693 | 95.4% | $500,031 | 93.1% | $51,587 |
| Private | 8,794 | 86.5% | $445,296 | 82.9% | $50,636 |
| Accommodation, Food Serv. | 2,136 | 21.0% | $101,544 | 18.9% | $47,539 |
| Arts, Ent., Recreation | 175 | 1.7% | $4,902 | 0.9% | $28,011 |
| Construction | 1,238 | 12.2% | $87,407 | 16.3% | $70,603 |
| Health Care, Social Serv. | Data not available due to BEA non-disclosure requirements. |
| Information | 58 | 0.6% | $2,521 | 0.5% | $43,466 |
| Manufacturing | 1,112 | 10.9% | $62,177 | 11.6% | $55,915 |
| Professional, Tech. Serv. | 225 | 2.2% | $8,356 | 1.6% | $37,138 |
| Retail Trade | 868 | 8.5% | $26,418 | 4.9% | $30,435 |
| Trans., Warehousing | Data not available due to BEA non-disclosure requirements. |
| Wholesale Trade | 174 | 1.7% | $11,341 | 2.1% | $65,178 |
| Other Private (not above) | 1,202* | 11.8%* | $41,737* | 7.8%* | $34,723* |
| Government | 899 | 8.8% | $54,735 | 10.2% | $60,884 |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
* These totals do not include county data that are not available due to BEA non-disclosure requirements.
| Residential Building Permits, 2025 | Units | Pct Dist.
in County | Pct Dist.
in State | Cost ($000) | State Cost ($000) |
|---|
| Total Permits Filed | 10 | 100.0% | 100.0% | $3,342 | $8,792,236 |
| Single-Family | 10 | 100.0% | 68.4% | $3,342 | $7,272,703 |
| 2-Family | 0 | 0.0% | 1.7% | 0 | $80,213 |
| 3- and 4-Family | 0 | 0.0% | 0.6% | $0 | $31,389 |
| 5+ Family | 0 | 0.0% | 29.3% | $0 | $1,407,931 |
Notes: Detail cost may not sum to total due to rounding. Greene County does not currently issue building permits, so it is excluded.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Largest Cities and Towns in Orange County
| Name | Population
in 2025 | Percent of County |
|---|
| French Lick | 1,772 | 8.9% |
| Orleans | 2,073 | 10.5% |
| Paoli | 3,596 | 18.1% |
| West Baden Springs | 721 | 3.6% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau annual population estimates
